A cold backup, that is, one done with the database in a shutdown state, provides a complete copy of the database that can be restored exactly. The generalized procedure for using a cold backup is as follows:
1)shutdown the Oracle instance(s) to be backed up.
2) Mount the first volume of the backup media.
3)Issue the proper Operating System backup command to initiate the backup.
$ tar –cvf /tape1 /ud*/oracle*/ortest1/*
4)Dismount.
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